بایگانی‌های Ammonia safety - dawnbreeze

What is Ammonia?

  • Ammonia is a combination of the two gaseous elements hydrogen and nitrogen.
  • The bond ratio of three hydrogen molecules to one nitrogen molecule is formed.
  • The chemical formula of ammonia Is NH3.

Ammonia storage and transport tanks:

  • Moisture-free (dry) ammonia is available in the form of pressurized gas in cylinders, cryogenic tanks, and non -cryogenic tanks.
  • Also, dry ammonia is stored in bulk tanks with a large volume and installed on the ground.
  • The large storage tanks, which are not usually installed on the ground, have very low pressure and have a cooling cycle as well as thermal insulation.

Ammonia grades:

Acceptable grades used in various industries are:

%99.98

Technical grade

%99.5

Commercial grade

%99.995

Metallurgical grade

%99.7

Agricultural grade

%99.999

Semiconductor Industry Grade

%99.95

Refrigeration grade

Almost %80 of the total ammonia produced is used in the fertilizer industry.


Safety precautions

  1. People with chronic illnesses or long-term allergies should not be hired where there is ammonia.
  2. Ammonia ions are in fact a phenomenon of the biological system, yet ammonia in the atmosphere has a very stimulating effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs.
  3. Too much ammonia can have destructive effects on tissues.
  4. Too much ammonia can lead to laryngeal and bronchial problems.
  5. Too much ammonia can cause edema and Obstruction of breathing.

Compatible and incompatible materials:

  • Ammonia doesn’t affect most metals without moisture.
  • When ammonia combines with water vapor; Affects copper, zinc, and their alloys.
  • The use of copper, zinc, silver, and their alloys in the manufacture of ammonia tanks is prohibited.
Molecular Weight 17.031
steam pressure 786.7 K. Pa @ 21.1 0C
Gas density 0.771 Kg/m3 @ 0 0C and 1 atm
Latent heat evaporates at boiling point and 1atm 1370 KJ/Kg
Specific heat capacity at temperature

15 0C

at 1atm

CP=2.19 KJ/Kg.0C

CV=1.673 KJ/Kg.0C

CP/CV=1.3096

Critical temperature 133.00C
Critical pressure 11425 K.Pa(a)
Solubility in water %47 vol.(gas)/Vol.(Water) at 0 0C and 1 atm
Explosion / ignition range in air corrosive gas

Material Compatibility of Ammonia

 

METALS PLASTICS ELASTOMERS

Brass

CARBON STEEL

StainLess Steel

Alumium

Zinc

CoPPER

Monel

Kel-F

Teflon

Tefzel

Kynar

PVC

Polycarbonate

Viton® Buna-N Neoprene Polyurethane

O

Kalrez

GAS

 

S – Satisfactory for use with the intended gas
C – Conditional. May be incompatible under some circumstances or conditions Contact your Praxair representative for additional information
U – Unsatisfactory for use with the intended gas
I – Insufficient data available to determine compatibility with the intended gas
O – All nonmetalic, even those considered compatible, may be ignitable in oxygen enriched environments or in other oxidizing gases. Successful
use depends upon oxygen purity, pressure, temperature, cleanliness and elimination of ignition mechanisms. Please contact your Praxair
Representative for additional information

Dangerous products classification:

Dangerous Products Transport Information:

 

IATA IMDG DOT
UN 1005 UN 1005 UN 1005 UN NUMBER
Ammonia, anhydrous Ammonia, anhydrous Ammonia, anhydrous UN SHIPPING NAME
2.4 , 9.2 2.4 , 9.2 2.4 , 9.2 TRANSPORT HAZARD CLASS
NO NO NO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD

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