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Carbon monoxide

What is Carbon Monoxide (CO)?

  • Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, toxic, and flammable gas.
  • Liquid carbon monoxide is a cryogenic fluid.
  • Carbon monoxide can be found at -192 0C and atmospheric pressure.
  • Carbon monoxide is lethal in less than an hour if it has a concentration of more than 4% in the air.
  • Inhalation of high concentrations of this gas causes sudden and asymptomatic fainting.

Available grades:

  • Carbon monoxide is available in various grades from %98 to %99.99.
  • Existing grades of carbon monoxide are:

% 98.5,% 99,% 99.5,% 99.99

Tanks and maintenance:

  • Carbon monoxide is transported in cylinders, trailer tubes, and cryogenic bulk tanks.

Compatible and incompatible materials:

  1. Ordinary steels and metals are compatible with dry, sulfur-free carbon monoxide.
  2. The presence of carbon dioxide impurities and moisture in carbon monoxide increases the corrosive properties of these gases.
  3. High-pressure plant equipment is usually made of copper.
  4. Copper is resistant to carbon monoxide.
  5. High-grade chromium steels are highly resistant to corrosion of carbon monoxide with sulfur impurities.
  6. Butyl rubber and chloro-fluoro-carbon polymers such as VITON should not be used due to swelling in carbon monoxide.

Physical properties

Molecular Weight 28.01
steam pressure  760mmHg@ -191 0C
Gas density  1.161Kg/m3 @ 21.1 0C and 1 atm
Latent heat of vaporization at temperatures of -19100C and 1atm 215.8 KJ/Kg
Specific heat capacity at temperature

15.6 0C

At 1atm

 CP=1.037 KJ/Kg.0C

CV=0.7394 KJ/Kg.0C

CP/CV=1.40
Critical temperature -140.2 0C
Critical pressure 4399 K.Pa
Solubility in water  0.035vol.(gas)/Vol.(Water) at 0 0C and 1 atm
Explosion / ignition range in air  Flammable Gas

Compatibility with materials

Material Compatibility of Carbon monoxide

METALS PLASTICS ELASTOMERS

Brass

CARBON STEEL

StainLess Steel

Alumium

Zinc

CoPPER

Monel

Kel-F

Teflon

Tefzel

Kynar

PVC

Polycarbonate

 Viton® Buna-N Neoprene Polyurethane

O

Kalrez
GAS

S – Satisfactory for use with the intended gas
C – Conditional. May be incompatible under some circumstances or conditions Contact your Praxair representative for additional information
U – Unsatisfactory for use with the intended gas
I – Insufficient data available to determine compatibility with the intended gas
O – All nonmetalic, even those considered compatible, may be ignitable in oxygen enriched environments or in other oxidizing gases. Successful
use depends upon oxygen purity, pressure, temperature, cleanliness and elimination of ignition mechanisms. Please contact your Praxair
Representative for additional information

ُSafty

Classification of dangerous Products:

Dangerous Products Transport Information:

(For refrigerated liquid)   :UN 2201

IATA IMDG DOT
UN 1016 UN 1016 UN 1016 UN NUMBER
Carbon monoxide, compressed Carbon monoxide, compressed Carbon monoxide, compressed UN SHIPPING NAME
2.3 2.3 2.3 TRANSPORT HAZARD CLASS
NO NO NO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD

Nitrous oxide

What is Nitrous Oxide?

  • Nitrous oxide at room temperature and atmospheric pressure one have a colorless gas with a sweet odor and taste.
  • Nitrous oxide is not flammable but is involved in combustion.
  • This gas decomposes into nitrogen and oxygen at high temperatures.
  • The decomposition process in the absence of catalysts at temperatures below 649 0C is negligible.
  • Nitrous oxide is slightly soluble in water, alcohol, and oils.
  • Nitrous oxide is most commonly used as an anesthetic gas.

Available grades:

% 99.5-% 99.998-% 99.999-% 99.9999

Tanks and maintenance:

  • Nitrous oxide can be stored and transported in all cylinders and tanks under the crust.

Compatible and incompatible materials:

  1. Nitrous oxide is non-corrosive.
  2. This gas can be in the vicinity of many common metals.
  3. Due to the oxidizing property (ability to combine with oxygen) in nitrous oxide, all equipment used in the presence of nitrous oxide, especially at high pressure must be free of any combustible materials such as oil, grease, and other materials.
  4. Nitrous oxide can cause some elastomers to swell.

Physical properties

Molecular Weight 44.0128
steam pressure  5150K. Pa @ 20 0C
Gas density  1.877Kg/m3 @ 15 0C and 1 atm
Latent heat evaporates at boiling point and 1atm 376.1 KJ/Kg
Specific heat capacity at temperature

25 0C

At 1atm

 CP=0.866 KJ/Kg.0C

CV=0.665 KJ/Kg.0C

CP/CV=1.303
Critical temperature 360C
Critical pressure 1052 K.Pa
Solubility in water  1.3vol.(gas)/Vol.(Water) at 0 0C and 1 atm
Explosion / ignition range in air  Non-Flammable Gas

 

Compatibility with materials

Material Compatibility of Nitrous oxide

 

METALS PLASTICS ELASTOMERS

Brass

CARBON STEEL

StainLess Steel

Alumium

Zinc

CoPPER

Monel

Kel-F

Teflon

Tefzel

Kynar

PVC

Polycarbonate

 Viton® Buna-N Neoprene Polyurethane

O

Kalrez
GAS

 

S – Satisfactory for use with the intended gas
C – Conditional. May be incompatible under some circumstances or conditions Contact your Praxair representative for additional information
U – Unsatisfactory for use with the intended gas
I – Insufficient data available to determine compatibility with the intended gas
O – All nonmetalic, even those considered compatible, may be ignitable in oxygen enriched environments or in other oxidizing gases. Successful
use depends upon oxygen purity, pressure, temperature, cleanliness and elimination of ignition mechanisms. Please contact your Praxair
Representative for additional information

Safty

Classification of dangerous products:

Dangerous ProductsTransport Information:

(For refrigerated liquid)   :UN 2201

IATA IMDG DOT
UN 1070 UN 1070 UN 1070 UN NUMBER
Nitrous oxide Nitrous oxide Nitrous oxide UN SHIPPING NAME
2.2/5.1 2.2/5.1 2.2/5.1 TRANSPORT HAZARD CLASS
NO NO NO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD

Ethane

What is ethane?

  • Ethane is a colorless, odorless, and flammable gas.
  • Ethane is considered chemically inactive and non-toxic.

Available grades:

% 99.5 _ % 99.98

Ethane storage and transport tanks:

  • Ethane is charged, stored, and transported as pressurized gas in cylinders and pressure vessels with a working pressure of more than 123 times.
  • The maximum allowable capacity for filling ethane tanks is %35.8 of the reservoir weight.

Compatible and incompatible materials:

  1. Ethane is not corrosive.
  2. It’s possible to use any metal in the construction of equipment in contact with ethane.
  3. The use of butyl rubber in the presence of ethane gas is not recommended.

Physical properties

Molecular Weight 30.068
steam pressure  3751K.Pa@ 21.1 0C
Gas density  1.2799Kg/m3 @ 21.1 0C and 1 atm
Latent heat evaporates at boiling point and 1atm 489.41 KJ/Kg
Specific heat capacity at temperature

15.6 0C

At 1atm

 CP=1.7153 KJ/Kg.0C

CV=1.4356 KJ/Kg.0C

CP/CV=1.192
Critical temperature 30.53 0C
Critical pressure 4884.1 K.Pa
Solubility in water  0.047vol.(gas)/Vol.(Water) at 20 0C and 1 atm
Explosion / ignition range in air  Flammable Gas

 

Compatibility with materials

Material Compatibility of Ethane

 

METALS PLASTICS ELASTOMERS

Brass

CARBON STEEL

StainLess Steel

Alumium

Zinc

CoPPER

Monel

Kel-F

Teflon

Tefzel

Kynar

PVC

Polycarbonate

 Viton® Buna-N Neoprene Polyurethane

O

Kalrez
GAS

 

S – Satisfactory for use with the intended gas
C – Conditional. May be incompatible under some circumstances or conditions Contact your Praxair representative for additional information
U – Unsatisfactory for use with the intended gas
I – Insufficient data available to determine compatibility with the intended gas
O – All nonmetalic, even those considered compatible, may be ignitable in oxygen enriched environments or in other oxidizing gases. Successful
use depends upon oxygen purity, pressure, temperature, cleanliness and elimination of ignition mechanisms. Please contact your Praxair
Representative for additional information

Safty

Classification of dangerous Products:

Dangerous Products Transport Information:

(For refrigerated liquid)   :UN 2201

IATA IMDG DOT
UN 1035 UN 1035 UN 1035 UN NUMBER
Ethane Ethane Ethane UN SHIPPING NAME
2.1 2.1 2.1 TRANSPORT HAZARD CLASS
NO NO NO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD

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